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While the word may sound alarming, acute gastroenteritis is one of the most frequent stomach disorders and does not only afflict sportsmen. In this article, we’ll explain what acute gastroenteritis is, what causes it, how it spreads, how it’s treated, how to avoid it, and when you should see a doctor.
What acute gastroenteritis is
Acute gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestine. It usually produces abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and, in some cases, fever. The onset can be sudden, which explains why someone may feel fine one moment and noticeably ill the next.
Common causes of acute gastroenteritis:
- Viral infections, such as norovirus or rotavirus
- Bacterial infections from contaminated food or water
- Food poisoning
- Occasionally, reactions to certain medications or poor food handling
How acute gastroenteritis spreads:
- Consuming contaminated food or water
- Poor hand hygiene, especially after using the toilet
- Close contact with someone who is already infected
Treatment of acute gastroenteritis usually involves:
- Drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration
- Oral rehydration salts (ORS) or electrolyte drinks
- Adequate rest
- Light, easy-to-digest foods once appetite returns
- Antibiotics are rarely required unless tests confirm a bacterial infection
Helpful tips to prevent acute gastroenteritis:
- Wash hands thoroughly and often
- Avoid unhygienic or questionable food, particularly while travelling or during tournaments
- Drink clean, safe water
- Be cautious with raw or undercooked food
When to see a doctor:
- Severe or persistent abdominal pain
- Signs of dehydration, such as dizziness, dry mouth or very little urine
- High fever
- Symptoms lasting longer than two to three days
The good news is that most cases resolve themselves within a few days with proper care. Early medical intervention helps to recover faster and safer.
