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Calcium, the mineral best associated with strong bones, is essential for much more body activities than you may realize. Women, particularly those who have undergone menopause, are more sensitive to low calcium levels. But how can you tell whether you’re one of them?
Dr. Komal Bhadu, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, noted that women are more susceptible to low calcium levels than men. This is mostly due to hormonal variations, specifically the impact of estrogen.
“Estrogen plays a critical role in maintaining bone density by aiding calcium absorption and minimising calcium loss. During menopause, women experience a significant decline in estrogen levels, leading to an increased risk of osteoporosis and lower calcium levels. Additionally, dietary habits, pregnancy, and breastfeeding can also impact calcium levels in women more significantly than in men,” Dr Bhadu explained in an interaction.
What are the warning signs of low calcium levels in women?
Low calcium levels, or hypocalcemia, can cause a number of symptoms that may be modest at first but grow serious if not treated, according to Dr. Bhadu. Common warning indicators are:
1. Muscle Cramps and Spasms: These often occur in the back and legs and can be accompanied by muscle aches.
2. Numbness and Tingling: Typically felt in the hands, feet, and around the mouth, this sensation is due to the nervous system’s increased excitability.
3. Fatigue: Persistent tiredness and a general feeling of weakness can be indicative of low calcium.
4. Dry Skin and Brittle Nails: Calcium is essential for maintaining healthy skin and nails, so deficiencies often manifest as dermatological issues.
5. Dental Problems: Hypocalcemia can lead to tooth decay and periodontal disease.
6. Mood Changes: Anxiety, depression, and irritability can result from inadequate calcium levels affecting neurotransmitter function.
7. Cardiac Symptoms: Severe deficiency can lead to irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias) and even heart failure in extreme cases.
How can they be fixed?
According to Dr. Bhadu, treating low calcium levels requires a combination of dietary, lifestyle, and, in some cases, pharmacological measures.
1. Dietary Changes: Increasing the intake of calcium-rich foods is crucial. These include dairy products like milk,cheese, and yogurt, as well as leafy green vegetables, almonds, and fortified foods like cereals and orange juice.
2. Vitamin D Supplementation: Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption in the gut. Sun exposure and supplements can help maintain adequate levels.
3. Calcium Supplements: In cases where dietary intake is insufficient, calcium supplements may be recommended. It’s important to follow a healthcare provider’s advice regarding dosage.
4. Regular Exercise: Weight-bearing exercises, such as walking, jogging, and resistance training, can strengthen bones and improve overall calcium retention.
5. Medications: In certain cases, medications such as bisphosphonates may be prescribed to manage or prevent osteoporosis, particularly in postmenopausal women.
6. Regular Monitoring: Women at risk should have their calcium levels and bone density regularly monitored by a healthcare provider to catch and address deficiencies early.
Source: IE
